CHAPTER – 4
Carbon and its Compounds
In the last Chapter, we came to know many compounds of importance to us. In this Chapter we will be studying about some more interesting compounds and their properties. Also we shall be learning about carbon, an element which is of immense significance to us in both its elemental form and in the combined form.
Activity 4.1
- Make a list of ten things you have used or consumed since the morning.
- Compile this list with the lists made by your classmates and then sort the items into the following Table.
- If there are items which are made up of more than one material, put them into both the relevant columns.
Look at the items that come in the last column – your teacher will be able to tell you that most of them are made up of compounds of carbon. Can you think of a method to test this? What would be the product if a compound containing carbon is burnt? Do you know of any test to confirm this?
Food, clothes, medicines, books, or many of the things that you listed are all based on this versatile element carbon. In addition, all living structures are carbon based. The amount of carbon present in the earth’s crust and in the atmosphere is quite meagre. The earth’s crust has only 0.02% carbon in the form of minerals (like carbonates, hydrogencarbonates, coal and petroleum) and the atmosphere has 0.03% of carbon dioxide. In spite of this small amount of carbon available in nature, the importance of carbon seems to be immense. In this Chapter, we will be looking at the properties of carbon which lead to this anomaly.